Although higher N status in fruit can increase volatile production in apples (Fellman et al., 2000), in this study higher fruit N levels were not always associated with increased volatile production. Fruit maturity also affects volatile production, with apples producing more volatiles, particularly esters, as they approach full maturity (Fellman et al., 2000). In our study maturity measured by IEC did not always relate to volatile production (Table 5). It may be that other factors contributed to differences in volatile production. The higher total volatile production by CON apples was not detected by the consumer panel, perhaps because the more fruity flavors produced by
esters were within a similar perception range in fruit from all three systems, or the sweetness and tartness of the fruit masked any flavor differences. Since no clear pattern emerged for flavor and volatile parameters, the ORG and INT fruit were rated more acceptable (Table 8, Fig. 2) most likely because they were firmer and had better texture than CON apples (Tables 6 and 8, Figs. 1A and 2). In the study of Reganold et al. (2001), consumers rated organic apples to be sweeter after 6 months of CA storage and integrated apples to have better flavor even though differences in overall acceptability were indistinguishable. Sensory panels found that organic ‘McIntosh’ apples were firmer at harvest than conventional apples but not out of storage (DeEll and Prange, 1992), perhaps due to the poor storability of this cultivar.
Although higher N status in fruit can increase volatile production in apples (Fellman et al., 2000), in this study higher fruit N levels were not always associated with increased volatile production. Fruit maturity also affects volatile production, with apples producing more volatiles, particularly esters, as they approach full maturity (Fellman et al., 2000). In our study maturity measured by IEC did not always relate to volatile production (Table 5). It may be that other factors contributed to differences in volatile production. The higher total volatile production by CON apples was not detected by the consumer panel, perhaps because the more fruity flavors produced by esters were within a similar perception range in fruit from all three systems, or the sweetness and tartness of the fruit masked any flavor differences. Since no clear pattern emerged for flavor and volatile parameters, the ORG and INT fruit were rated more acceptable (Table 8, Fig. 2) most likely because they were firmer and had better texture than CON apples (Tables 6 and 8, Figs. 1A and 2). In the study of Reganold et al. (2001), consumers rated organic apples to be sweeter after 6 months of CA storage and integrated apples to have better flavor even though differences in overall acceptability were indistinguishable. Sensory panels found that organic ‘McIntosh’ apples were firmer at harvest than conventional apples but not out of storage (DeEll and Prange, 1992), perhaps due to the poor storability of this cultivar.
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