The negotiation process and Its Outcome
The first session took place on January 20-22,1993, at Sarpsborg in Norway and included Abu Ala, Maher Al-Kurd, and Hassan Asfour as representatives of the PLO, and Hirshfeld and the professor Ron Pundik (a close associate of Hirshfeld) representing the Israeli side. In the first meeting, the parties presented ideas and established mutual ground. furthermore, it was decided that substance rather than procedures should take precedence, which would mean negotiating without protocols and set agendas. The purpose was to work out new negotiation concepts, and to explore whether an understanding between the parties could be reached. The ideas and proposal agreed on in Norway would later be presented in the official negotiations in Washington. Already in the first meeting Abu Ala presented the idea of "Gaza first" (an Israeli withdrawal from the Gaza Strip as a first step-an idea that had already been extensively discussed within the Israeli Labor Party); he also stressed the importance of economic cooperation in the region. The principle of gradualism, based on a Declaration of Principles, was brought forward by the Israelis; by this they referred to a step by step approach accompanied by an ongoing process of negotiation.
In this session and the one that followed, the Palestinian negotiations constantly asked in what way Hirshfeld and Pundik represented the Israeli government, and if idea agreed upon in Norway would be promoted in Israel. The Palestinian, in other words, wanted to be sure that the negotiations were politically relevant and not have a clear mandate to negotiate, since they did not represent an official body, but indicated that they had links to various Israeli officials .
During the period February - April 1993, several meetings took place in Norway and a first, preliminary DOP was drafted. Both sides agreed to present the results in the official negotiations, since Rabin still favoured these negotiations and mistrusted the back channel in Oslo.
The negotiation process and Its Outcome The first session took place on January 20-22,1993, at Sarpsborg in Norway and included Abu Ala, Maher Al-Kurd, and Hassan Asfour as representatives of the PLO, and Hirshfeld and the professor Ron Pundik (a close associate of Hirshfeld) representing the Israeli side. In the first meeting, the parties presented ideas and established mutual ground. furthermore, it was decided that substance rather than procedures should take precedence, which would mean negotiating without protocols and set agendas. The purpose was to work out new negotiation concepts, and to explore whether an understanding between the parties could be reached. The ideas and proposal agreed on in Norway would later be presented in the official negotiations in Washington. Already in the first meeting Abu Ala presented the idea of "Gaza first" (an Israeli withdrawal from the Gaza Strip as a first step-an idea that had already been extensively discussed within the Israeli Labor Party); he also stressed the importance of economic cooperation in the region. The principle of gradualism, based on a Declaration of Principles, was brought forward by the Israelis; by this they referred to a step by step approach accompanied by an ongoing process of negotiation. In this session and the one that followed, the Palestinian negotiations constantly asked in what way Hirshfeld and Pundik represented the Israeli government, and if idea agreed upon in Norway would be promoted in Israel. The Palestinian, in other words, wanted to be sure that the negotiations were politically relevant and not have a clear mandate to negotiate, since they did not represent an official body, but indicated that they had links to various Israeli officials .During the period February - April 1993, several meetings took place in Norway and a first, preliminary DOP was drafted. Both sides agreed to present the results in the official negotiations, since Rabin still favoured these negotiations and mistrusted the back channel in Oslo.
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