Discussion
Only few studies have assessed the effects of group music
therapy, especially using EEG in patients with schizophrenia. In the
present study, we found that the relative power of a waves from
prefrontal, frontal, temporal, and parietal sites in the experimental
group were significantly higher than those of the control group.
Yang et al. (2012) also reported that EEG a waves in patients with
schizophrenia and depression was significantly activated through
listening to music. Fachner et al. (2013) also observed that after
listening to music, a wave of patients with depression significantly
increased from the areas of the frontal and temporal lobes, which
was consistent with the findings of the present study. These additional
studies partially coincided with our results where a waves
from all areas increased after the group music therapy. Alphawaves
are in the frequency range of 8e12 Hz, arising through brain activity
associated with being in a comfortable and relaxed or concentrated
state (Ray & Cole, 1985). The group music therapy used in this study
combined various music activities, such as singing, playing,
listening, and other physical activities. Thus, we believe that such
musical stimulation, and the physical and emotional relief brought
about as indicated by the awave increase in the cerebral cortex,was
beneficial to our participants. Based on our results, group music
therapy can be regarded as an effective intervention for improving
emotional relaxation, attention, memory, and other cognitive abilities
in patients with chronic schizophrenia.
DiscussionOnly few studies have assessed the effects of group musictherapy, especially using EEG in patients with schizophrenia. In thepresent study, we found that the relative power of a waves fromprefrontal, frontal, temporal, and parietal sites in the experimentalgroup were significantly higher than those of the control group.Yang et al. (2012) also reported that EEG a waves in patients withschizophrenia and depression was significantly activated throughlistening to music. Fachner et al. (2013) also observed that afterlistening to music, a wave of patients with depression significantlyincreased from the areas of the frontal and temporal lobes, whichwas consistent with the findings of the present study. These additionalstudies partially coincided with our results where a wavesfrom all areas increased after the group music therapy. Alphawavesare in the frequency range of 8e12 Hz, arising through brain activityassociated with being in a comfortable and relaxed or concentratedstate (Ray & Cole, 1985). The group music therapy used in this studycombined various music activities, such as singing, playing,listening, and other physical activities. Thus, we believe that suchmusical stimulation, and the physical and emotional relief broughtabout as indicated by the awave increase in the cerebral cortex,wasbeneficial to our participants. Based on our results, group musictherapy can be regarded as an effective intervention for improvingemotional relaxation, attention, memory, and other cognitive abilitiesin patients with chronic schizophrenia.
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