uses four scales for pain
measurement that correspond to certain treatments for the pain. The scales are: Avoidance, Activity,
Social Support, Cognitive Control. First three are based on learning theory that influence pain
perception, meaning that the experience of the person is intensified by negative withdrawal (to end a
serious situation through retreat) and by positive reinforcement (concentrating to important persons for a
good relationship with the patient). The test is presented as a questionnaire with 29 items; administration
time 3 to 5 minutes