5.2. Technical barrier
The absence of efficient renewable energy generation technologies and supports of skilled manpower and spare parts is one of the prime technical barriers. For example, domestic wind power technology has not well developed in the country, so the advanced and large wind power sector has to rely on imported technology. Given the available wind resources and climatic conditions, it is difficult to further develop wind power sector in Thailand by using imported technologies. The technology has to be tailored to adopt in the hot and humid climate and low wind speeds prevalent in Thailand. In longterm, this can pose substantial barrier if we continue importing foreign technology for wind energy development in Thailand. Another example in solid waste utilization, characteristic of solid wastes in Thailand has high moisture contents therefore have low calorific value which is unsuitable to use in power generator and required additional processes to improve fuel quality e.g. installation of waste separation unit or manual waste separation [32]. Increase efficiency of waste separation can help increasing the yield of biogas generation but it also requires public education on waste management.
For technological R&D, Thailand needs to support researchers to carry out their research to extend our country potential, and create in-house technology to promote industrial start-up. Many believe that accelerating the pace of technology improvement and deployment could significantly reduce the cost of achieving this goal. The critical role of new technologies is underscored by the fact that most anthropogenic greenhouse gases emitted over the next century will come from equipment and infrastructure built in the future. As a result, new technologies and energy sources have the potential to transform the nation’s energy system while meeting climate change as well as energy security and other important goals [33,34].