A sample with more than 106 leukocytes and over 103
bacteria per ml of milk characterizes infection; more than
106 leukocytes and less than 103 bacteria per ml indicates
non-infectious inflammation; and less than 106 leukocytes
and less than 103 bacteria per ml represents only milk
stasis.24 Whenever possible, milk culture is recommended
to determine the infectious agent, if present. If milk
culture is not viable as a routine practice, it should be
performed in the following situations: lack of response to
antibiotic therapy, recurrent mastitis, hospital-acquired
mastitis and in severe cases.4 The milk sample for culture
should be collected using the same rigor for the collection
of other samples (e.g.: urine). After washing the breast
in running water and carefully washing the hands with
soap and water, the milk should be expressed, not letting
the nipple touch the collection vial, which should have
been sterilized. The first 3 to 5 ml of milk should be
disregarded.3
A sample with more than 106 leukocytes and over 103bacteria per ml of milk characterizes infection; more than106 leukocytes and less than 103 bacteria per ml indicatesnon-infectious inflammation; and less than 106 leukocytesand less than 103 bacteria per ml represents only milkstasis.24 Whenever possible, milk culture is recommendedto determine the infectious agent, if present. If milkculture is not viable as a routine practice, it should beperformed in the following situations: lack of response toantibiotic therapy, recurrent mastitis, hospital-acquiredmastitis and in severe cases.4 The milk sample for cultureshould be collected using the same rigor for the collectionof other samples (e.g.: urine). After washing the breastin running water and carefully washing the hands withsoap and water, the milk should be expressed, not lettingthe nipple touch the collection vial, which should havebeen sterilized. The first 3 to 5 ml of milk should bedisregarded.3
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