2.5. Stress resilience
Importantly, stress exposure, stress buffering, stress reactivity, and stress duration/recovery may not be the complete story.
Although research in psychoneuroimmunology has tended to focus on the effects of stressors on catabolic rather than anabolic processes, a comprehensive understanding of stress and aging may require attention to both.
For instance, our research on loneliness in young and older adults has made us keenly aware of individual differences in the salubrity of restorative behaviors such as sleep.
Briefly, loneliness has been thought to produce poor health outcomes through the selection of poor health behaviors. Health behaviors can impact immune functioning, and caustic behavior changes in response to stressors are
well-documented.
Our research on loneliness to date, however, has provided scant support for the higher rates of morbidity and mortality in lonely individuals being attributable to health behaviors.
Instead, we found lonely individuals tend to be characterized by diminished repair and maintenance (anabolic) processes. For instance, lonely and nonlonely young adults spend equivalent time sleeping, but the sleep of lonely young adults is less efficacious—as gauged by physical evidence (e.g., eyemovements) from the nightcap and self reports by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (Cacioppo et al., 2002b).
In a study of elderly adults in an urban metropolitan area, loneliness was again found to be associated with poor sleep quality, sleep latency, and greater daytime dysfunction due to sleepiness (Cacioppo et al., 2002b).
2.5. Stress resilienceImportantly, stress exposure, stress buffering, stress reactivity, and stress duration/recovery may not be the complete story. Although research in psychoneuroimmunology has tended to focus on the effects of stressors on catabolic rather than anabolic processes, a comprehensive understanding of stress and aging may require attention to both. For instance, our research on loneliness in young and older adults has made us keenly aware of individual differences in the salubrity of restorative behaviors such as sleep. Briefly, loneliness has been thought to produce poor health outcomes through the selection of poor health behaviors. Health behaviors can impact immune functioning, and caustic behavior changes in response to stressors are well-documented.Our research on loneliness to date, however, has provided scant support for the higher rates of morbidity and mortality in lonely individuals being attributable to health behaviors. Instead, we found lonely individuals tend to be characterized by diminished repair and maintenance (anabolic) processes. For instance, lonely and nonlonely young adults spend equivalent time sleeping, but the sleep of lonely young adults is less efficacious—as gauged by physical evidence (e.g., eyemovements) from the nightcap and self reports by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (Cacioppo et al., 2002b).In a study of elderly adults in an urban metropolitan area, loneliness was again found to be associated with poor sleep quality, sleep latency, and greater daytime dysfunction due to sleepiness (Cacioppo et al., 2002b).
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..
