This quantitative study used a quasi-experimental, pre/post design for measuring
student achievement and attitudes toward science. The teacher also kept daily field
notes on her students in the treatment classes when they were implementing creative
drama lessons. These notes were recorded during and after enacted lessons. The
teacher particularly noted points of dialogue and thinking between the students (e.g.,
conversations) and her thinking and interactions with the students in facilitating
student dramas. Selections from these notes were used to create sample episodes of
these interactions to help understand the nature of the creative drama lessons in
practice and add greater validity to what took place in the classroom. In this regard,
this action research study was more pragmatic than a strict traditionalist approach
that would rely solely on quantitative data