tBackground: The aim of the present study was to test promising constructs (decisional balance and drink-ing identity) and their interaction with gender as predictors of risky college drinking. We expectedthat, consistent with previous work, drinking identity would be positively associated with alcohol con-sumption and problems. We further expected that drinking identity would be more strongly related tooutcomes among individuals scoring low in decisional balance. Additionally, we expect the relationshipbetween drinking identity and alcohol behavior to vary as a function of decisional balance.Methods: Participants included 329 undergraduates (M = 23.11; SD = 5.63; 74.47% female) who met heavydrinking criteria (defined as women who consumed 4 or more drinks per occasion and men who con-sumed 5 or more drinks per occasion) and completed an online survey comprised of self-report measures.Results: Decisional balance was negatively correlated with both drinking and problems, which par-tially supported expectations. As expected, drinking identity was positively correlated with drinkingand problems. A two-way interaction emerged between drinking identity and decisional balance regard-ing problems, indicating that drinking identity was associated with more problems, especially amongthose lower in decisional balance. A three-way interaction between drinking identity, decisional balance,and gender emerged regarding problems such that drinking identity was associated with more problemsfor those lower in decisional balance and this effect was stronger among men.Discussion: Findings lend support to the perspective that decisional balance, drinking identity, and genderare all influential factors that are associated with the experience of alcohol problems.