Introduction: The purpose of this literature review is to report
the effectiveness of trials using the Transtheoretical
Model of Change for achieving smoking cessation among
adolescents.
Method: An integrative literature review was performed.
Two reviewers searched the Internet for randomized, controlled
trials or observational studies of adolescent smoking
cessation trials reported between 1999 and June 2009 that
used the Transtheoretical Model of Change.
Results: Six randomized controlled trials remained after all
inclusion and exclusion criteria were met. Each study was
reviewed qualitatively and odds ratio and quit rates were
calculated. Four studies demonstrated an odds ratio of
greater than 1.0, and in four studies significantly better quit
rates were found in the intervention arm versus the control
arm at the endpoint evaluation.
Discussion: Evidence exists for the effectiveness of stagebased
interventions in promoting smoking cessation in
adolescents.