responses to the organization can confound climate perceptions
(Johannesson, 1973). To avoid this problem, appropriate
instrument design required questions emphasizing description
rather than feelings (Schneider, 1975, 1983; Schneider and
Snyder, 1975). Thus, following Schneider's suggestions and
as noted by Victor and Cullen for the initial version of the
ECQ, the measure of ethical climate did not "focus on
whether the respondent believed he or she behaved ethically
nor did it emphasize whether the respondent saw the ethical
climate as good or bad" (Victor and Cullen, 1987:58).