However, their efficacy at the permitted
concentration in most cases was limited to about 1 to 2 log reductions (Nguyen-the and Carlin 1994; Cherry 1999; Xu 1999; Suslow
2001). Additionally, the use of higher levels of chlorine causes other
detrimental effects on product sensory quality, the environment,
and human health (Suslow 2001). For instance, chlorine application