Results: Both frequent and extreme users
experienced significant decreases in ED visits (5 and 15,
respectively; 95% confidence intervals [CI] 2–5 and 13–17,
respectively) and direct-treatment costs ($1285; 95% CI
$492–$2364 and $6091; 95% CI $4298–$8998, respectively),
leading to significant hospital cost savings and increased net
income ($431; 95% CI $112–$878 and $1925; 95% CI
$1093–$3159, respectively). The results further indicate
that fewer resources were utilized per visit. Regression to
the mean did not seem to be an issue.