danger, friendly interest, desire for company, and they have one call that is intended merely to establish position and so prevent the band from spreading too far apart.
Although it is reasonable to see language as basically a communication system, we must not push the analogy with other systems too far, for several reasons. First language does not always have a
‘Message' in any real sense, certainly not in the sense of a piece of information; part of its function is con- corned with social relationships (see 2.4, 3.2), though this is also true of the animal communication systems too. Secondly, in language both the 'signs' and the "messages' (the signifiers and the signified) are themselves enormously complex and the