Introduction
This report has been written on behalf of the Quality Assurance Agency for Higher
Education (QAA) and the Scottish Higher Education Enhancement Committee's (SHEEC's)
International Benchmarking Working Group (IBWG) on Shaping the 21st Century
Doctorate. Its purpose is generally to contribute to the enhancement agenda in Scottish
higher education, and specifically to highlight effective practice in doctoral education
in a way that enables Scottish institutions to learn from what is happening elsewhere in
Scotland and also internationally