3.9 Leptochloa chinensis (Linn.) Nees
Annual grass, culms erect, geniculately
ascending, 20-50 cm tall. Leaf blade, linear, flat,
with scaberous margins, 15-23 cm in length, and 4-
5.5 mm in width. Ligule a hairy fringe, 0.8-1.5 mm
in length, leaf sheath glaucous. Inflorescence
elliptical, green to purplish, racaemes scattered
along the central axis. Spikelets 3-5 flowered,
elliptical to oblong in shape, 1.7-2.5 mm in length.
Glumes unequal, 1 nerved, Lanceolate or often
ovate in shape, Upper 0.7-1.2 mm in length, lower
0.5-1mm in length. Lemma oblong in shape, 3
nerved, ciliated surface, 0.6-0.9 mm in length.
Ellepsoidal caryopsis, dark green or brown in
coloure, 0.5-0.7 mm in length.
3.2.10 Enneapogon shimpranus (Hochst. ex A.
Rich) Renvoize
Perennial grass. Culms 22-40 cm tall. Leaf
blades hairy, size ranging from 2.5-9 cm in length
and 3-3.5 mm in width. Hairy ligule, 0.3 mm in
length. Inflorescence: panicle 7.9-11cm in length,
pale green or light purple in colour. Usually 3
florets in a single spikelets. Glumes hairy at the
margins, glaberous at the pointed tip, both 7
nerved, Upper glume 4-6.5 mm in length while
lower glume 4.5mm long. Keeled, pubescent keel,
lemma membranous, 9 nerved, 3.5-4 mm in length,
palea 2mm in length, Lemma has 9 awn extension
ranging in size from 4.3-8.7. Floret size 2.3-3.9 mm.
Anthers 0.3-0.7 mm in size. Caryopsis 0.6-0.8 mm,
shiny with dark brown colouration.
3.2.11 Cymbopogon jwarancusa (Jones.)Schult
Perennial grass, rhizomatous, culms tufted
at the base, ganiculately ascending 32-90 cm in
height. Leaf blades green or brownish in colour,
glaucous surface, 5-30 cm in length, 0.5-4 mm in
width. Leaf sheath, whitish in appearance,
glaberous, flat or coiled. Membranous ligule 1-2.5
mm in length. Panicle, spatheolate, elliptical
spatheoles. Paired spikelets, one pedicelled other
sessile, ciliated pedicals. Sessile spikelet, female, 3-
4.7 mm in length. Upper glume 3.2-5 mm in length,
boat shaped, membranous. Lower glume concave
on the back, 2.9-4.5 mm in length, both glumes 4
nerved. Membranous, 1 nerved upper lemma, 2.5-
3.3 mm in length having an awn extension 4-10
mm in length. Pedicelled spikelet, male, lanceolate
or ovate in shape, ciliated at base, 4.5-5.6 mm in
length. Glumes unequal, greenish or reddish,
lanceolate, membranous, upper glume 1 nerved,
3.8-4.7 mm in length. Lower glume 3-5 nerved, 3.5-
4.6 mm in length. Upper lemma oblong with acute
apex , hyaline, 2.5-3.4mm in length, anthers 1.5-
2mm in size.
3.2.12 Dicanthium annulatum (Forssk.)Stapf
Perennial grass, upright culms 20-87 cm in
length. leaf blades 13-24 cm in length and 2.3-5.4
mm in width, glaucous at margins, pubescent at
base. Ligule membranous, 0.7-1.7 mm in length.
Leaf sheath glaberous. Inflorescence: digitate or
sub digitate, peduncled raceaeme, 4-7 mm in
length. Spikelets green or purple in colour 2.9 mm
in length. Glumes unequal, upper 1 nerved, 2.9mm
in length and lower 7 nerved, 2 mm in
length.Lemma 1 nerved, 1.9-2.1mm in length. Awn
present, 7-16.5 mm in length. Anthers, whitish or
violet,1mm in length. Stigma black 1.7 mm in size,
Style 0.9 mm in size. Caryopsis 0.9-1.9 mm in
length, oblong in shape.
3.2.13 Imperata cylendrica (Linn.)Raeu
Perennial grass, rhizomatous, upright
culms 15-52 cm tall. Leaf blades flat, 4-19.5 cm in
length and 2.5-13 mm in width. Membranous
ligule 1.3-1.9 mm in size. Glaberous leaf sheath.
Inflorescence: Panicle, cylindrical, spatheolate.
Spikelets in pair, pedicelled, oblong in shape,
ranging in size from 2.2-3.5 mm in length, clumps
of white hair arising from base of spikelets.
Glumes equal, 5 nerved, lanceolate in shape, 2-3.5
mm in length. Hyaline lemma 1.6-2.4 mm in
length. Anthers 1.8-2.5 mm in length, yellow
orange in colour. style and stigma equal in size
about 2 mm.
3.2.14 Saccharum ravennae (Linn.) Murr.
Tall perennial grass, culms 2-4 cm in
length. leaf blades flat, glaucous with a thick mid
rib, 40-100 cm in length and 5-15 mm in width.
Membranous ligule, 3-8 mm in length.
Inflorescence; panicle 15-45 cm in length. Glumes
present, almost equal in length i.e 2.5-3 mm in
length. Upper glume glaberous, 1 nerved, Lower
glume membranous, 2 nerved. Floret size ranges
from 1.3-1.7 mm. Upper lemma membranous,
lanceolate with acute apex, 1.4mm with an awn
extension which is 2.5-4.5 mm long. Lower lemma
slightly shorter then upper lemma, 1.5-2 mm in
length, Anthers whitish, 1mm in length.
3.2.15 Saccharum spontaneum Linn.
Tall Perennial grass, rhizomatous, culms
70-130 cm tall. Leaf blades glaucous 10-50 cm in
length and 4-7 mm in width. Membranous ligule,
0.9-1.2 mm in length. Inflorescence: panicle 20-27.5
cm in length. Hairy peduncle, white long hair
present on inflorescence. Upper and lower glumes equal in length, glaberous, margins hairy, tip
membranous. Upper lemma lanceolate, 1.5-2.1 mm
in length, lower lemma 1.1-1.3 mm in length.
Anthers dark orange, 0.9-1.2 mm in length.
Caryopsis ovoid, shiny nearly 1 mm long.