This article discusses amniotic fluid embolism--a rare and widely misdiagnosed disease, using a case study to direct the practicalities of treating and caring for a woman who has had amniotic fluid embolism. It examines the poorly understood aetiology and pathophysiology of the disease, along with the varying spectrum, risk factors, systemic response, diagnosis and treatment of the disease. It uses recent confidential enquiry into maternal and child health (CEMACH) reports to illustrate the trends in mortality and morbidity related to this disease, considering the outcomes and prognosis for women and babies who have had amniotic fluid embolism. It also considers the importance and need for inclusion of amniotic fluid embolism within midwifery education programmes and continuing professional development to reduce the high mortality and morbidity rates associated with this disease