value, 0.12, so that there is only weak statistical evidence that the stick represented by the
avoidance of hell provides a better incentive for growth than the carrot embedded in the
potential for heaven. The church attendance variable is again significantly negative,
-0.0092 (0.0020). The three variables (based on belief in hell and heaven and monthly
attendance) are jointly significant, with a p-value of 0.000.