The aim of this study was to experimentally study the fuel flow in a marine diesel injector, all the way from inside
the sac-volume, through the nozzle holes and into the nearnozzle jet region. To achieve this, a number of different test
rigs were used, ranging from a stationary flow rig, via an atmospheric spray rig, to a real-size engine with optical
access, all fitted with injectors or injector models with identical geometry. A generic real-scale dual nozzle-hole geometry for a two-stroke marine engine was used, implemented as fully transparent, compound metal-window, and full metal designs for the different test rigs. This study is just a first step towards a more complete characterization, and
it was not possible at present to match all operating conditions across the different rigs. Absolute pressure levels
and Reynolds numbers in particular differed substantially. One of the aims is thus to investigate similarities in flow
phenomena observed under those differing conditions. A range of optical techniques was used to visualize cavitation,
flow fields and fuel jet structure. In the stationary flow rig, flow velocities in the sac-volume and nozzle holes were
measured and in-nozzle cavitation visualized. The effect of varying cavitation number was studied, and results were
compared to CFD predictions. In an atmospheric spray rig, in-nozzle cavitation and near-nozzle jet structure during
transient operation were visualized simultaneously using high-speed imaging. Finally, the near-nozzle jet development
and structure was studied in a full-scale optical marine diesel engine. This methodology, focused on a common
geometry, allows the full range of phenomena—from first inception of in-nozzle cavitation up to fuel jet structure
at real engine conditions—to be investigated.
The aim of this study was to experimentally study the fuel flow in a marine diesel injector, all the way from insidethe sac-volume, through the nozzle holes and into the nearnozzle jet region. To achieve this, a number of different testrigs were used, ranging from a stationary flow rig, via an atmospheric spray rig, to a real-size engine with opticalaccess, all fitted with injectors or injector models with identical geometry. A generic real-scale dual nozzle-hole geometry for a two-stroke marine engine was used, implemented as fully transparent, compound metal-window, and full metal designs for the different test rigs. This study is just a first step towards a more complete characterization, andit was not possible at present to match all operating conditions across the different rigs. Absolute pressure levelsand Reynolds numbers in particular differed substantially. One of the aims is thus to investigate similarities in flowphenomena observed under those differing conditions. A range of optical techniques was used to visualize cavitation,flow fields and fuel jet structure. In the stationary flow rig, flow velocities in the sac-volume and nozzle holes weremeasured and in-nozzle cavitation visualized. The effect of varying cavitation number was studied, and results werecompared to CFD predictions. In an atmospheric spray rig, in-nozzle cavitation and near-nozzle jet structure duringtransient operation were visualized simultaneously using high-speed imaging. Finally, the near-nozzle jet developmentand structure was studied in a full-scale optical marine diesel engine. This methodology, focused on a commongeometry, allows the full range of phenomena—from first inception of in-nozzle cavitation up to fuel jet structureat real engine conditions—to be investigated.
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