A. Ultra-capacitor losses
The ultra-capacitor current can be de-composed in two
basic frequency ranges: 1) Very low frequency current and 2)
High switching frequency current. Very low frequency current
corresponds to transfer of the energy between the power
conversion system and the ultra-capacitor energy storage.
Depending of the load profile, one can distinguish two
scenarios. 1) The ultra-capacitor is a-periodically charged and
discharged. 2) The ultra-capacitor is periodically charged and
discharged.