This study is aimed at identifying the critical factors affecting the improvement of safety programs from safety literature and previous research and at evaluating these success factors in order to rank the urgency of improving them. To obtain these rankings, gap analysis was carried out to measure the difference between the degree of importance of CSFs and the actual status of CSFs. The results of the study can help the construction industry to identify and improve the high priority CSFs, shown by the large gaps, in order to improve safety programs.