In 1978, Burns provided a description of transactional leadership on the basis of a changing
profitable relation between leader and follower. Transactional leaders influence over their followers by
incentives or punishments according to their performance. Transformational leadership is a dynamic and
complicated process in which the leaders influence over followers' values, beliefs and aims. Changes in
followers' behaviors cause changes in leaders' behaviors. Burns believed that transactional
transformational leaderships are two separated points in leadership styles continuum (Moghali, 2002).
Boss believes that transformational leadership model is applicable in a universality manner
which encourages the followers to neglect individual interests for group or organizational interests and
stimulates them to work more than usual. Transformational leaders create an extraordinary motivation by
confirming the employees' ideas and values and inspiring them to think about various problems by
utilizing modern methods. Transformational leaders change the society by their own words and behaviors.
Their followers have a feeling of respect, dignity and loyalty toward them. The influence of
transformational leaders is based on their capabilities to inspire others through their words, conversation,
insight and initiatives. Transformational leadership occurs when leaders improve their employees'
interests toward themselves. The leaders create the awareness and acceptance of aims and mission of the
group.
Boss believes that transformational leadership influences over followers' traits and behavior.
Transformational leadership is a process in which the leader determines the followers' needs and demands
as well as meeting such needs through a comprehensive effort in achieving determined aims.
Transactional process addresses needs and demands to perform the tasks (Boss & Alive, 1993, p. 258).