Interventions
Participants who received the PP treatment did the BPS task as the first intervention for one week (from session 1 to session 2). Instructions for the BPS task were given according to Shel- don and Lyubomirsky (2006). Participants were instructed to think about their best possible self and to write down their thoughts and feelings about that. In detail, they were instructed that to think about the best possible self means that they should imagine their future when whatever happened was as good as possible. For example, they have worked hard and have been successful in realising all their goals. They should imagine they had realised all their life dreams and their own potential. In that case, they should describe the best possible way how things should happen in their life to guide them to make decisions in the present. Participants were instructed to take 30 min of the next day at a quiet place to think about their BPS and to write down their thoughts on a sheet of paper. These recordings should be read by them once again during the week.
In the second and third week, PP participants did the 3GT task. Instructions for this task were given according to Selig- man et al. (2005). Participants were told that people dwell too much on things that go wrong and too little on things that go well in their life. Of course, sometimes it may be helpful to analyse things that went wrong to avoid mistakes. Nonetheless, people tend to think about bad things most of the time. A way to prevent this may be to increase our ability to think about the good things in our life. However, this is not easy, because we are usually not experienced in that. Thus, this ability takes time to practice. Therefore the participants were asked to take 10 minutes of time each evening for two weeks to write down in a diary three things that went well that day and why these things went well. The diary was given to the participants in session 2 and was requested to bring it with them for session 3.
As controls for the BPS task, participants in the controls group were given the task of writing about the future of man- kind in the first week. To parallel with the task in the PP group, the participants in the CG also had to think about the future of mankind for 30 min each day in a quiet place and to write down their thoughts. Their task to think about the future of mankind means that they should think that all things will go well for mankind. People have worked hard and have been successful in attaining their goals. This should be seen as a realisation of their dreams and the potential of mankind. They should imagine the way how things could happen in the future to help the peo- ple and how this would affect their decisions in the present. This instruction also served to encourage the participants to think about good possible things, but in contrast to the BPS task, not with the focus on the own person and the self.
To control for the 3GT task, participants in the CG were re- quested to think about early memories. As a parallel with the task in the PP group, they were instructed to think about early memories and write them down in a diary for 10 min each eve- ning for the following two weeks. They were to bring the diary with them in the third session.
Interventions
Participants who received the PP treatment did the BPS task as the first intervention for one week (from session 1 to session 2). Instructions for the BPS task were given according to Shel- don and Lyubomirsky (2006). Participants were instructed to think about their best possible self and to write down their thoughts and feelings about that. In detail, they were instructed that to think about the best possible self means that they should imagine their future when whatever happened was as good as possible. For example, they have worked hard and have been successful in realising all their goals. They should imagine they had realised all their life dreams and their own potential. In that case, they should describe the best possible way how things should happen in their life to guide them to make decisions in the present. Participants were instructed to take 30 min of the next day at a quiet place to think about their BPS and to write down their thoughts on a sheet of paper. These recordings should be read by them once again during the week.
In the second and third week, PP participants did the 3GT task. Instructions for this task were given according to Selig- man et al. (2005). Participants were told that people dwell too much on things that go wrong and too little on things that go well in their life. Of course, sometimes it may be helpful to analyse things that went wrong to avoid mistakes. Nonetheless, people tend to think about bad things most of the time. A way to prevent this may be to increase our ability to think about the good things in our life. However, this is not easy, because we are usually not experienced in that. Thus, this ability takes time to practice. Therefore the participants were asked to take 10 minutes of time each evening for two weeks to write down in a diary three things that went well that day and why these things went well. The diary was given to the participants in session 2 and was requested to bring it with them for session 3.
As controls for the BPS task, participants in the controls group were given the task of writing about the future of man- kind in the first week. To parallel with the task in the PP group, the participants in the CG also had to think about the future of mankind for 30 min each day in a quiet place and to write down their thoughts. Their task to think about the future of mankind means that they should think that all things will go well for mankind. People have worked hard and have been successful in attaining their goals. This should be seen as a realisation of their dreams and the potential of mankind. They should imagine the way how things could happen in the future to help the peo- ple and how this would affect their decisions in the present. This instruction also served to encourage the participants to think about good possible things, but in contrast to the BPS task, not with the focus on the own person and the self.
To control for the 3GT task, participants in the CG were re- quested to think about early memories. As a parallel with the task in the PP group, they were instructed to think about early memories and write them down in a diary for 10 min each eve- ning for the following two weeks. They were to bring the diary with them in the third session.
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