Buffalo milk is a very ancient product, typical of the tropical and sub-tropical countries, such as Southeast Asia. It is also intensely produced in Italy, especially in the southern regions, where it is entirely addressed to cheese making due to its high dry residue value similar to that of sheep milk. Buffalo mozzarella cheese is the most famous and consumed buffalo milk product in Southern Italy. Particularly, the so called Mozzarella di Bufala Campana is listed as a protected origin designation (POD) product from the European Council [Commission Regulation (EC) No. 1107/1996)]. Its disciplinary of production identifies 96 municipalities in Southern Italy as the only places of production of the so called Mozzarella di Bufala Campana DOP. It indicates a peculiar manufacturing process that contemplates exclusively fresh whole buffalo milk characterised by a specific macronutrient composition, and precise chemical–physical and organoleptic properties of the final product.