Abstract- One of the major problems we are facing today is
global warming and dwindling of the natural resources. Global
warming is mainly due to the emissions of carbon-dioxide into
the atmosphere. Transport Sector plays a major role in emission
of carbon dioxide. It contributes to about 17-18% of the
emissions of carbon dioxide. One of the best ways to reduce the
emissions is switching to HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE. HEV
reduces the both emissions of carbon dioxide and also the fuel
economy .Hybrid Electric vehicle is a combination of both
conventional internal combustion engine and electric propulsion.
The presence of electric power train is intended to achieve the
better fuel economy. Modern HEVS make use efficiency
improving technologies such as regenerative braking which
converts Vehicle’s kinetic energy into electric energy for
charging the battery rather than wasting its energy. HEV’S
reduce idle emissions by shutting the ICE at idle and restarting it
when needed it is called start-stop system. . A hybrid-electric
produces less emission from its ICE than a comparably-sized
gasoline car, since an HEV's gasoline engine is usually smaller
than a comparably-sized pure gasoline-burning vehicle and if not
used to directly drive the car, can be geared to run at maximum
efficiency, further improving fuel economy. Currently hybrid
electric vehicles are available in automobiles, light trucks,
locomotives, buses, trucks; military vehicle’s and taxi cabs.
Encouraging hybridization of vehicle fleets through
enabling the policies can reduce the lower of carbon dioxide
emissions. Thus improving the public health energy security and
reducing the fuel costs. tank for propulsion. Hybrid is between
an electric and conventional vehicle. Hybrid electric vehicles are
more expensive than conventional vehicles and this poised their
entry into new market Hybrid electric vehicles offer 30% better
fuel economy, and switching from petrol to diesel vehicles gives
20% reduction in fuel use CNG gives 10% fuel use. Reduction in
fuel use also depends upon driving conditions. The more stop and
go traffic the greater the potential for fuel savings when used as
hybrid when compared to conventional vehicle. This is especially
relevant for city buses and delivery trucks
2. BASICS OF HEV
A conventional vehicle has a mechanical drive train that
includes fuel tank, combustion engine, gear box, transmission
to wheels. HEV has two drive trains. One is mechanical and
another is electrical. Electric drive includes battery, an electric
motor, and power electronics for control. These two drive
trains can be connected with each other sharing some
components such as transmission and gear box. The hybrid
denotation refers to fact that both electricity and conventional
fuel can be used. Electric drive train can handle a wide variety
of speeds and loads without losing efficiency. Modern HEV’S
make use of efficiency improving technologies such as
regenerative braking which converts vehicles kinetic energy
into electric energy to charge the battery.
3. TYPES OF POWER TRAIN
PARALLEL HYBRIDS: In parallel hybrids the ICE and
electric motor are both connected to mechanical transmission
and can simultaneously transmit power to drive the wheels
usually through a conventional transmission. These are also
capable of regenerative braking and internal combustion can
also act as generator for supple-mental recharging. Parallel
hybrids are more efficient than comparable to non-hybrid
vehicles especially during urban stop and go conditions and at
times during high way operation where electric motor is
permitted to contribute. Some of the examples of parallel
hybrids are Honda insight, civic, Accord
Abstract- One of the major problems we are facing today is
global warming and dwindling of the natural resources. Global
warming is mainly due to the emissions of carbon-dioxide into
the atmosphere. Transport Sector plays a major role in emission
of carbon dioxide. It contributes to about 17-18% of the
emissions of carbon dioxide. One of the best ways to reduce the
emissions is switching to HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE. HEV
reduces the both emissions of carbon dioxide and also the fuel
economy .Hybrid Electric vehicle is a combination of both
conventional internal combustion engine and electric propulsion.
The presence of electric power train is intended to achieve the
better fuel economy. Modern HEVS make use efficiency
improving technologies such as regenerative braking which
converts Vehicle’s kinetic energy into electric energy for
charging the battery rather than wasting its energy. HEV’S
reduce idle emissions by shutting the ICE at idle and restarting it
when needed it is called start-stop system. . A hybrid-electric
produces less emission from its ICE than a comparably-sized
gasoline car, since an HEV's gasoline engine is usually smaller
than a comparably-sized pure gasoline-burning vehicle and if not
used to directly drive the car, can be geared to run at maximum
efficiency, further improving fuel economy. Currently hybrid
electric vehicles are available in automobiles, light trucks,
locomotives, buses, trucks; military vehicle’s and taxi cabs.
Encouraging hybridization of vehicle fleets through
enabling the policies can reduce the lower of carbon dioxide
emissions. Thus improving the public health energy security and
reducing the fuel costs. tank for propulsion. Hybrid is between
an electric and conventional vehicle. Hybrid electric vehicles are
more expensive than conventional vehicles and this poised their
entry into new market Hybrid electric vehicles offer 30% better
fuel economy, and switching from petrol to diesel vehicles gives
20% reduction in fuel use CNG gives 10% fuel use. Reduction in
fuel use also depends upon driving conditions. The more stop and
go traffic the greater the potential for fuel savings when used as
hybrid when compared to conventional vehicle. This is especially
relevant for city buses and delivery trucks
2. BASICS OF HEV
A conventional vehicle has a mechanical drive train that
includes fuel tank, combustion engine, gear box, transmission
to wheels. HEV has two drive trains. One is mechanical and
another is electrical. Electric drive includes battery, an electric
motor, and power electronics for control. These two drive
trains can be connected with each other sharing some
components such as transmission and gear box. The hybrid
denotation refers to fact that both electricity and conventional
fuel can be used. Electric drive train can handle a wide variety
of speeds and loads without losing efficiency. Modern HEV’S
make use of efficiency improving technologies such as
regenerative braking which converts vehicles kinetic energy
into electric energy to charge the battery.
3. TYPES OF POWER TRAIN
PARALLEL HYBRIDS: In parallel hybrids the ICE and
electric motor are both connected to mechanical transmission
and can simultaneously transmit power to drive the wheels
usually through a conventional transmission. These are also
capable of regenerative braking and internal combustion can
also act as generator for supple-mental recharging. Parallel
hybrids are more efficient than comparable to non-hybrid
vehicles especially during urban stop and go conditions and at
times during high way operation where electric motor is
permitted to contribute. Some of the examples of parallel
hybrids are Honda insight, civic, Accord
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