Enzyme immobilization technology is one of the key modern industrial biotechnologies. Since the commercial use of first immobilized enzymes in the 1960s, enzyme immobilization technologies and theories as well as immobilization materials and chemistry have gained rapid development. Nowadays, the design of the immobilized enzymes, which suits different specific applications, has abandoned the traditional trial-and-error approach and gradually transited to the rational design, which is characterized by the fact that the enzyme immobilization technology is now used not only to realize the reuse of the costly enzymes a better control of the process, but also to improve the enzyme catalytic functions such as activity, stability, and selectivity. To some extent, the enzyme immobilization technology is becoming a complimentary technology to the genetic engineering.