All other debt instruments must be measured at fair value through profit of loss (FVTPL). However, even if an instrument meets the two amortized cost tests, IFRS No. 9 contains an potion to designate a financial asset as measured at FVTPL if doing so eliminates or significantly reduces a measurement or recognition inconsistency (sometimes referred to as an accounting mismatch) that would otherwise arise from measuring assets or liabilities or recognizing the gains and losses on them on different bases. These requirements eliminate the IAS NO. 39 available for sale and held-to-maturity categories.