with annual fronds and perennial rhizome. There are some large species of ferns growing on Indo-Pacific coast of the continent, in the warmest areas.
The variety of bryophytes is the prominent feature of flora of Antarctica. Due to unpretentiousness and abilities to settling with the help of spores mosses of various groups became one of the first group of plants settled in places free of ice. On rocks near the edges of glaciers there are plant communities where a liverworts and mosses dominate. Peat mosses grow in wetlands, and in rivers aquatic mosses are diverse.
Antarctic lichens have great variety and form communities of fancifully looking species on naked stones, warmed up in polar summer.