2. THEORETICAL BACKGROUND
A number of behavioral theories have been applied to examine the process of information technology
adoption by end-users. Some of which are Theory of Reason Action (TRA), Theory of Planned Behavior
(TOB), Task-Technology Fit Theory (TTF), and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Amongst these
theories, Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) was found as a model that has been widely used in
various studies on adoption process of information technology. Following these models, in 2003,
Venkantesh and his colleagues developed a new model called Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of
Technology (UTAUT).
This model (i.e., UTAUT) was developed based on previous models on adoption of information
technology, which include TRA, TPB, TTF, and primarily Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). TAM
model, which initially developed by Davis in 1986, is an adaption from TRA which was specifically
developed for modeling of user adoption of information systems. According to Davis (1989), the primary
objective of TAM was to provide fundamentals for investigating impacts of external factors on belief,
attitude, and user intention. Correlations among these variables are depicted in Figure 1 which follows.