Maintaining a clean and healthy mouth by preventing the build-up of plaque biofilm on the teeth may help reduce the risk of developing VAP. Oral hygiene care (OHC), using either a mouthrinse, gel, toothbrush, or combination, together with aspiration of secretions may reduce the risk of VAP in these patients.(4) The objective of the review was to assess the effects of OHC on the incidence of VAP in critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation in intensive care units (ICUs) in hospitals.