The low level of fungi in the final product is a result of industrial
processing (roasting, grinding, pressing and alkalizing) which
basically consists of technological processes that change the cocoa
beans into products which actually taste like chocolate and at the
same time reduces microbiological contaminants .
After pre-roasting of the beans, the testa is almost completely
removed by winnowing , which represents a significant
reduction in the amount of contaminant microorganisms in
the subsequent stages . The high temperature
employed during the roasting and the procedures used to obtain
nibs and liquor, coupled with the remaining moisture in the beans,
should kill the microorganisms which can be present . Treatments from 15 min to 2 h and 105e150 C in this
stage of chocolate production are capable of completely destroying
the vegetative cells of microorganisms .