Through experience, we learn that the choices we make are based on situations we face. This same idea can be applied to literature. Most stories have events that eventually lead to why characters act a certain way or make a choice that may or may not affect the future events in a story. Any time you analyze or explain the cause, you focus on the elements that led to a character making a certain choice. For example in the book, The Hunger Games, the story's protagonist, Katniss, volunteers as tribute to participate in a yearly game in which other teens from different districts fight to the death. What caused her to make this decision was the fact that her younger sister was first chosen. Katniss recognizes that she is the head of the household and should take the place of her little sister because that is the right thing to do. As with every choice, there is always an effect.