Cultivated fig (Ficus carica L.) is commonly grown in Kurdistan
Region of Iraq for garden specimen as well as fruit tree with some propagation
difficulties. For rapid clonal propagation of this plant, the shoot apices from
actively growing adult plants, were excised and cultured on MS medium
supplemented with various combinations of growth regulators to induce shoot
proliferation and subsequent rooting. Following 4 weeks of incubation, the
shoot tips grew into 4cm tall shoots in a medium supplemented with 0.5mg/l
BAP. The effects of the cytokinins BAP and kinetin were tested for their ability
to induce shoot multiplication, while the auxins IBA and NAA were tested for
rooting, leaf disc explants of fig were used as a starting material for callus
induction. Explants were cultured on MS medium having different
concentrations of plant regulators (kinetin and 2, 4-D). The results revealed
that the optimal concentration for shoot multiplication ranged between 0.5 and
3.0 mg/l BAP. No beneficial effect was obtained from inclusion of Kinetin in
the culture medium. On the other hand, rooting of individual shoots was
attained in a medium enriched with 0.5 mg/l IBA and NAA. The best medium
for callus induction shown in the medium supplemented with 0.4 mg/l Kinetin
and 4.0 mg/l 2, 4-D. The gradually acclimatized plants were successfully
transferred to the out-air conditions and a high survival rate (95%) was
recorded finally the successfully protocol for in vitro culture of Ficus carica
has also supported the research on transgenic plants obtained by genetic
transformation.