Esterification of palmitic acid was conducted in a round bottom
flask immersed in a water bath at 65C, with continuous stirring.
Reaction composition includes 8 mmol of palmitic acid, 144 mmol
of methanol and 0.1844 g of catalysts. Similarly, transesterifcation
reaction under the conventional method was carried out in the
same reactor, under methanol reflux and continuous stirring in a
water bath at 80C. The reaction mixture composed of 1.8991 g
of waste oil (containing 0.7976 g of FFA), 0.2279 g of catalyst and
1.823 g g of methanol.