Parental understanding of the implications of CF is pivotal to their engagement with the care team and with care processes, and can influence their child's health outcome (Hummelinck & Pollock, 2006). In a review of compliance with treatment protocols for children with a chronic illness, Fielding and Duff (1999) identified factors important for adherence to treatment: communication from professionals to parents and children, knowledge or skill deficits of families, and the alliance between medical staff and families.