GPS devices can be attached to wildlife to track their locations.
This is particularly useful for scientists who study wildlife movement and behaviour.
Accessing wild animals is not easy, and can cause stress to the animals.
This requires that the GPS devices attached to wild animals to be lowmaintenance, rugged, and possibly self-powering or at least power-efficient [7], [8].
Besides, the devices need to be small enough not to cause discomfort to the animal.