A total of 155 clones showed differential expression in the Vibrio-challenged samples but not in WSSV-challenged samples. Na+/K+ATPase alpha subunit, saposin-related protein, 78-kD glucose-regulated protein, pAbpP1, and 60S ribosomal protein L4B were the most significantly up-regulated expressed genes in tissues of 6 HPC-Vibrio-challenged shrimp, whereas the expression of the following genes including translationally controlled tumor protein gene, pulmonary surfactant-associated protein D gene, and cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene were down-regulated.