Conventional kLa measurement techniques, e.g. the gassing
out method, cannot be performed in microbial cultures since the
response times of the available dissolved oxygen sensors are much
too long.Conventional kLa measurement techniques, e.g. the gassing
out method, cannot be performed in microbial cultures since the
response times of the available dissolved oxygen sensors are much
too long.In practice, however, this approach has
the decisive disadvantage that the head space of the reactor and
the tubing toward the analyzers dramatically disturb the dynamics
of the signals which necessitate extreme corrections, particularly
in fedbatch processes where the head space volume is varying due
to feeding and foam effects. On the other hand, cultivation experiments
can now be reproduced perfectly.This
opens the possibility for improved balancing techniques.