Summer smog
In Los Angeles, California, the combination of stable atmospheric conditions, due to a temperature inversion, and emissions from a large number of automobiles, led to a different kind of air pollution, first recognized in 1943.
Ozone and related compounds formed by the reaction of organic compounds and nitrogen oxides have long been a problem for the residents of Los Angeles. The reactions that form ozone, also lead to a very high OH radical concentrations, see the article on Ozone. The combination of high OH radical concentrations, intense solar radiation and high temperatures, lead to a very high conversion rate of sulfur dioxide to sulfate and of nitrogen oxides to nitrate and hence to increased aerosol concentrations.
Particles are formed in large numbers that severely restrict visibility, analogous to the classical fog due to the emissions of burning coal, thus visibility is strongly reduced during summer smog episodes. This kind of air pollution is known as smog, though the causes of visibility reduction are quite different from winter smog episodes.
Summer smog In Los Angeles, California, the combination of stable atmospheric conditions, due to a temperature inversion, and emissions from a large number of automobiles, led to a different kind of air pollution, first recognized in 1943.Ozone and related compounds formed by the reaction of organic compounds and nitrogen oxides have long been a problem for the residents of Los Angeles. The reactions that form ozone, also lead to a very high OH radical concentrations, see the article on Ozone. The combination of high OH radical concentrations, intense solar radiation and high temperatures, lead to a very high conversion rate of sulfur dioxide to sulfate and of nitrogen oxides to nitrate and hence to increased aerosol concentrations.Particles are formed in large numbers that severely restrict visibility, analogous to the classical fog due to the emissions of burning coal, thus visibility is strongly reduced during summer smog episodes. This kind of air pollution is known as smog, though the causes of visibility reduction are quite different from winter smog episodes.
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