Researchers in translation studies study the choices that people make when translating from one language to another. There is often a trade-off between achieving loyalty to the original text and achieving naturalness in the target language, and translators will make choices depending on the target audience of the translated document, as well as for their own personal or ideological reasons. For example. in an English text, a writer might refer to someone as their right hand man. If this expression does not exist in the language that the text is being translated int expression. or they may translator may find an alternative corresponding try to retain authenticity by translating it directly or if they have strong feminist sentiments. they may opt to change the wording to person Translation studies researchers look at these types of choices in an attempt to access the thought processes that take place in the mind of the translator while he or she is translating Translation studies scholars are also interested in studying the impact that translations or collections of translations have had in the cultural situation of the languages involved They attempt to use existing theories of translatio to predict what the process of translation is likely to involve for particular pairs of languages and types of text Thus work has applications in translator training. the preparation of translation aids such as dictionaries. grammars. term banks and in recent years. automatic translators, the establishment o translation policy (which involves giving advice on the role of the translator in a given socio-cultural context deciding on the economic position of the translator deciding which texts need to be translated, or deciding what role translation should play the teaching of foreign languages, and translation crticsm, which concerns itself with the development of critera for the evaluation of the quality or effectiveness of the translation product