Hospital and Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS; Zigmond & Snaith, 1983)
The HADS is a 14-item self-report measure of anxiety and depression. The items are split equally between two subscales (anxiety and depression) with higher scores indicative of increased psychopathology. The HADS has been validated as a useful screening tool for adolescents in the community and in clinical settings (e.g., White, Leach, Sims, Atkinson, & Cottrell, 1999). Reliability in the current sample was good for anxiety (Cronbach’s alpha = .82) and acceptable for depression (Cronbach’s alpha = .70).