In vitroputative transgenic peaplants developed through Agrobacteriummediated transformation with a
transformation vector pGII35S-Cry1Ac (Fig. 1) harboring codon optimized insect resistant cry1Ac gene from B. thuringiensis
and herbicide resistant bargene fromStreptomyces hygroscopicus were used. These putative transgenic plants were developed at the Department of Plant Biotechnology based on the transformation protocol developed with modification after . Fig. 2 shows an overview of transgenic pea development steps. Seeds were surface sterilized in 70% ethanol
for one minute followed by 6% sodium hypochlorite for 10 min. Then, the seeds were washed 4–5 times with sterilized distilled water and imbibed overnight.