1. Introduction
In recent years, with worldwide implementation of increasingly more hydrocarbon production activities, subsea pipeline cracking, offshore oil drilling platform leakage, or some other reasons have led to frequent occurrence of underwater oil spill accidents. Subsea spilled oil has severely impaired both marine environment and mankind in the entire process in which it enters water body undersea all the way to sea surface. For example, in the oil spill accident
happened to a drilling platform named Deepwater Horizon in Mexico in April 2010, about 700,000 tons of crude oil leaked. The crude oil leaked and entered water body at the water depth of 1,500 m, and then formed a suspending plume zone at the depth between 1,000 m and 1,200 m; moreover, about 50% of crude oil rose to sea surface under the influence of buoyancy (Jane Lubchenco, et al, 2012), significantly damaging water body and marine organisms.
With the further deepened exploration and development of gas and oil in South China Sea, offshore drilling platforms have advanced to the deepwater zone where subsea pipelines are constantly extended and thus lead to a relatively high risk of deepwater oil spill.