Study 4 found a causal relationship between subjective perceptions
of social class and overestimates of class mobility: specifically,
manipulated upper-class participants tended to overestimate class mobility
more than their relatively lower-class counterparts. This study
aligns with the correlational findings of Studies 1 and 3 suggesting
that perceptions of elevated social class position enhance beliefs that
ascending the economic hierarchy is more likely than reality would
suggest.