Moreover, the results point out important sustainability issues regarding the use of threatened species, suchas I. oxyrinchus, P. sanitwongsei and T. obesus, to replace species ofhigh commercial importance, such as European perch (P. fluviatilis)and swordfish (X. gladius). In fact, I. oxyrinchus, T. obesus and P. san-itwongsei are species listed as Vulnerable (VU), considered to befacing a high risk of extinction, and Critically Endangered (CR), dueto a strongly estimated population decline