Despite being the main oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) producer in the world, Indonesia still has scope to
improve its productivity, which is currently limited by inconsistency in manual grading through human
visual inspection. In this research, an automatic grading machine for oil palm fresh fruits bunch (FFB) is
developed based on machine-vision principles of non-destructive analytical grading, using Indonesian Oil
Palm Research Institute (IOPRI) standard. It is the first automatic grading machine for FFBs in Indonesia
that works on-site. Machine consists of four subsystems namely mechanical, image processing, detection
and controlling. The samples used were tenera variety fruit bunches from 7 to 20 year old trees. Statistical
analysis was performed to generate stepwise discrimination using Canonical Discriminant with Mahalanobis
distance function for classifying groups, and appoint cluster center for each fraction. Results showed
adaptive threshold algorithm gave 100% success rate for background removal, and texture analysis
showed object of interest lies in intensity within digital number (DN) value from 100 to 200. Group classification
of FFBs resulted average success rate of 93.53% with SEC of 0.4835 and SEP of 0.5165, while fraction
classification had average success rate of 88.7%. Eight models are proposed to estimate weight of
FFBs with average R2 of 81.39%. FFBs orientation on conveyor belt showed no influence on the sorting
result, and with examination time of 1 FFB/5 s, machine performs more than 12 tons FFBs grading per
hour.