where L is the crystallite size, K aconstant(usually0.89),# the
wavelength of the X-ray radiation (0.15418 nm for Cu K!), ˇ the
line width at half-maximum height and " is the corresponding
diffraction angle in degrees.
Weight fractions of phase, estimated crystal size and surface
area from BET analysis of all N-doped TiO
samples are listed in
Table 1.Weightfractionsofeachphaseandthecrystalsizeoftitania
powders changed greatly depending on nitrogen dopant. DEA
provided the smallest crystal size of anatase, whilst urea apparently
increasedthe crystal size of this phase. DEAcanreduce anatase crys-
2