This paper analyzes federal employment and immigration data regarding construction occupations in Alberta (2003-2013) to identify changes in gender and citizenship status among workers. Construction employers have increasingly turned to temporary foreign workers (TFWs) to address labour needs, displacing Canadian males (historically the dominant worker group in these occupations). The data also suggests that TFWs may also serve to “block” greater gender equity in construction occupations (where female participation remains at a steady 7%) because federal immigration policy allows employers to access a ready source of male TFWs rather than altering work practices to attract female Canadian workers. This analysis aligns with earlier research suggesting construction employers in Alberta have expressed a growing reliance on and preference for TFWs. The policy question this raises is whether government intervention is desirable to address historical gender inequities and whether simply reducing employers access to TFWs might result in a significant increase in female participation rates.