than the average 16 percent premium in U.S. studies (see Simon ans Francis 1988) and almost twice as large as the Big 6 premium of 31 percent in Australia (Craswell et al. 1995). However, when we control for industry specialization the nonspecialist big 6 premium over non-big 6 auditors is only 29 percent (see Table 4). there is also some evidence that Big 6 permium in Hong Kong has been increasing over time. Simon et al.(1992) find a 31 percent Big 6 permium using 1990 Hong Kong data, and we find a 63 percent premium using 1992 data.