The purpose of earthquake simulation tests of full-scale reinforced concrete (RC) structures using E-Defense is to investigate a three-dimensional dynamic response and failure mechanism of real structures, and to obtain the data for establishment of 3-D numerical simulation techniques which can evaluate and predict the dynamic behavior of a structure with sufficient accuracy. Further, the results can directly lead to the developments of an advanced method for evaluation of the earthquake-resisting capacity of RC structure, an advanced earthquake-resistant design of a structure and the new structure systems which aim at improvement of seismic performance and the proposal of specific methods for seismic examination and anti-earthquake reinforcement of the existing structures.